It looks like currently shipping version of Synology DSM (3.1-1748) does support Time Machine properly.
It does not support "lock stealing" and "replay cache", which are required according to Apple, in order to achieve reliable and robust backups using Time Machine feature on the Mac. Reports of data corruption in Time Machine backup I see in the Synology forum may be the result of the lack of the require features in the AFP implementation.
I had tried your DS409 and DS409+ about a year ago and returned them since they did not work well in my Mac environment. I just bought a DS1511+. I was hoping that DS1511+ will do the trick. But, I am not thrilled to learn about the limitations of AFP implementation.
Here is some documentation from Apple:
http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/NetworkingInternetWeb/Conceptual/TimeMachineNetworkInterfaceSpecification/TimeMachineRequirements/TimeMachineRequirements.html-----
Time Machine Server Requirements
Not all AFP servers support the functionality required for Time Machine backups. In order to support Time Machine, a server must implement the following:
Lock stealing—when the client logs in, it sends the FPGetSessionToken command. Upon receiving this command, if the Type field is set to kLoginWithTimeAndID, kReconnWithTimeAndID, kRecon1Login, or kRecon1ReconnectLogin, the server searches through any previous sessions. Previous sessions from the same user that contain a Time Machine sharepoint are destroyed, releasing all locks associated with those previous sessions. Due to the nature of lock stealing, it is recommended that sharepoints designated for Time Machine backups be used exclusively for Time Machine backups and not for general file sharing use.
Client reconnect and state recovery—AFP 3.3 supports a replay cache for correct Time Machine behavior over AFP. Supporting and advertising this cache is required for all AFP Servers that want to support Time Machine. For more information, see AFP Replay Cache, “Reconnect” in Apple Filing Protocol Programming Guide, and “Reconnecting Sessions” in Apple Filing Protocol Programming Guide.
A compliant server must implement the deny modes of FPOpenFork as mandatory locks.
A compliant server must set the kSupportsTMLockSteal bit in the response to the FPGetVolParms for AFP volumes designated to support Time Machine backups. See the FPGetVolParms documentation for more information.
A compliant server must support the FPSyncDir and FPSyncFork (directory/fork data full sync and commit) AFP commands.
-----
I am hoping to find a resolution to this issue as soon as possible before my time is up for returning my DS1511+ back to Amazon.